A historical empire is a large political unit that extends its control over vast territories and diverse populations, often through conquest or colonization. Empires typically have a centralized authority, such as a monarch or government, that enforces laws and collects taxes. Notable examples include the Roman Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the British Empire. Empires often influence culture, trade, and politics in the regions they dominate. They can lead to the spread of ideas, technology, and religion, but may also result in conflict and oppression. The legacy of historical empires continues to shape modern nations and global relations.