Historical diseases have shaped human history in profound ways. Outbreaks like the Black Death in the 14th century wiped out millions, drastically altering societies and economies. These diseases often spread rapidly due to factors like poor sanitation, crowded living conditions, and lack of medical knowledge. Another significant disease was smallpox, which devastated populations worldwide before a successful vaccine was developed. The impact of these diseases extended beyond health, influencing migration patterns, trade, and even wars. Understanding these historical diseases helps us appreciate the importance of public health measures and the advancements in medicine that protect us today.