Hexavalent chromium, also known as chromium(VI), is a toxic form of the element chromium. It is commonly found in industrial processes, such as metal plating, leather tanning, and the production of pigments. Due to its hazardous nature, exposure to hexavalent chromium can lead to serious health issues, including respiratory problems and skin irritation. This compound is also a known carcinogen, meaning it can increase the risk of cancer in humans. Regulatory agencies, like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), have established guidelines to limit exposure and protect public health. Proper safety measures are essential in industries that handle hexavalent chromium.