Heresy refers to beliefs or opinions that deviate from established doctrines, particularly in a religious context. It often involves the rejection of core tenets of a faith, leading to conflict with mainstream beliefs. Throughout history, various religious institutions, such as the Catholic Church, have condemned heretical views, sometimes resulting in severe consequences for those labeled as heretics. The term can also extend beyond religion to describe any ideas that challenge widely accepted norms or ideologies. In this broader sense, heresy can apply to political, philosophical, or scientific beliefs that contradict prevailing theories or practices, prompting debates about freedom of thought and expression.