Hereditary disorders are medical conditions that are passed down from parents to their children through genes. These disorders can result from mutations in a single gene, multiple genes, or even chromosomal abnormalities. Common examples include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Down syndrome. These conditions can affect various parts of the body and may lead to a range of symptoms, from mild to severe. Early diagnosis and management are important for improving the quality of life for those affected. Genetic counseling can help families understand their risks and options for future pregnancies.