The Heimwehr was a paramilitary organization in Austria that emerged in the early 1920s. It was primarily composed of conservative and nationalist groups, formed in response to the rise of socialist movements. The Heimwehr aimed to protect Austrian society and promote its political interests, often clashing with rival factions like the Rotfront. During the 1930s, the Heimwehr became increasingly involved in Austrian politics, supporting the Austrofascism regime led by Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss. The organization played a significant role in the political landscape until the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in 1938, which led to its dissolution.