The Heckscher-Ohlin Model is an economic theory that explains how countries trade based on their resources. It suggests that nations will export goods that use their abundant factors of production, like labor or capital, and import goods that require resources they lack. For example, a country rich in labor may export textiles while importing machinery. This model emphasizes the role of factor endowments—the quantities and types of resources available in a country. By focusing on these endowments, the Heckscher-Ohlin Model helps to understand global trade patterns and how countries can benefit from specializing in the production of certain goods.