Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) is a thick, viscous petroleum product derived from the refining process of crude oil. It is primarily used as a fuel source in large ships, power plants, and industrial facilities due to its low cost and high energy content. HFO is often blended with lighter oils to improve its flow characteristics and combustion efficiency. Due to its high sulfur content, the use of Heavy Fuel Oil has raised environmental concerns, leading to regulations aimed at reducing emissions from ships and power plants. Alternatives, such as marine diesel oil and liquefied natural gas, are being explored to minimize the environmental impact of heavy fuel oil combustion.