Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) occur when certain types of algae grow excessively in water bodies, often due to nutrient pollution from sources like fertilizers and sewage. These blooms can produce toxins that are harmful to aquatic life, humans, and pets, leading to fish kills and contaminated water supplies. HABs can also disrupt ecosystems and affect local economies, particularly in fishing and tourism industries. Monitoring and managing nutrient levels in water bodies is essential to prevent these blooms and protect both environmental and public health.