Hard skills are specific, teachable abilities or knowledge sets that can be measured and defined. Examples include proficiency in programming languages like Python or Java, expertise in using software such as Microsoft Excel, or the ability to operate machinery. These skills are often acquired through education, training, or hands-on experience, making them essential for many jobs. Employers typically look for hard skills when hiring, as they demonstrate a candidate's capability to perform specific tasks. Unlike soft skills, which are more about interpersonal abilities, hard skills can be easily quantified and assessed through tests or practical demonstrations.