Hard Bop is a style of jazz that emerged in the mid-1950s as a response to Cool Jazz. It combines elements of bebop with influences from rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues music. This genre is characterized by its strong, driving rhythms, expressive melodies, and a focus on improvisation. Key musicians associated with Hard Bop include Art Blakey, Horace Silver, and Miles Davis. The style often features a prominent use of the saxophone and trumpet, creating a rich, soulful sound. Hard Bop emphasizes emotional depth and a connection to African American musical traditions.