Hamilton's Rule is a principle in evolutionary biology that explains how altruistic behavior can evolve among related individuals. It states that an organism is more likely to engage in altruistic acts if the benefits to the recipient, weighted by their genetic relatedness, exceed the costs to the altruist. This can be expressed mathematically as: rB > C, where r is the genetic relatedness, B is the benefit to the recipient, and C is the cost to the altruist. The rule highlights the importance of kin selection, where individuals may sacrifice their own fitness to help relatives, thereby ensuring the survival of shared genes. For example, a parent may risk its life to protect its offspring, as the genetic payoff from ensuring their survival outweighs the potential cost to itself.