Gutai is an avant-garde art movement that emerged in Japan during the post-World War II era, specifically in the 1950s. Founded by a group of artists in the city of Ashiya, it emphasized experimentation and the use of unconventional materials. The movement sought to break away from traditional art forms and engage with the viewer in new ways. The term "Gutai" translates to "concreteness," reflecting the group's focus on the physical properties of materials and the act of creation itself. Notable members included Jiro Yoshihara and Kazuo Shiraga, who explored ideas of spontaneity and the relationship between art and life through their innovative works.