The Gun Control Act of 1968 is a federal law in the United States that regulates the sale, possession, and transfer of firearms. It was enacted in response to rising gun violence and aims to prevent certain individuals, such as convicted felons and those with mental health issues, from obtaining guns. The law also established a system for licensing gun dealers and required background checks for buyers. Additionally, the act prohibits the importation of certain types of firearms and regulates the sale of ammunition. It has undergone several amendments over the years, reflecting ongoing debates about the balance between gun rights and public safety.