Groundwater models are computer simulations used to understand and predict the behavior of groundwater systems. They help scientists and engineers analyze how water moves through soil and rock layers, how it interacts with contaminants, and how it can be managed sustainably. These models can represent various factors, including rainfall, evaporation, and human activities like pumping water from wells. By using mathematical equations and data, groundwater models can simulate different scenarios, such as droughts or pollution events. They are essential tools for water resource management, helping to ensure that communities have access to clean water while protecting the environment.