A Gravitational Wave Observatory is a scientific facility designed to detect and study gravitational waves, which are ripples in spacetime caused by massive cosmic events, such as the collision of black holes or neutron stars. These observatories use highly sensitive instruments to measure tiny changes in distance caused by passing gravitational waves, allowing scientists to observe phenomena that are otherwise invisible. One of the most well-known gravitational wave observatories is the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), located in the United States. LIGO has made significant contributions to astrophysics by confirming the existence of gravitational waves, providing new insights into the universe's most energetic events, and enhancing our understanding of Einstein's theory of general relativity.