In graph theory, a graph consists of vertices (or nodes) connected by edges. Graph edges are the lines that link these vertices, representing relationships or connections between them. Each edge can be directed, indicating a one-way relationship, or undirected, showing a two-way connection. Edges can also have weights, which assign a value to the connection, often representing distance, cost, or capacity. In a weighted graph, these values help in analyzing the shortest path or optimizing routes. Understanding edges is crucial for various applications, including computer networks, social networks, and transportation systems.