Graph drawing is the visual representation of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relationships between objects. In a graph, objects are represented as vertices (or nodes), and the relationships are depicted as edges (or lines) connecting these vertices. The goal of graph drawing is to create a clear and informative layout that helps users understand the structure and properties of the graph. Effective graph drawing techniques aim to minimize edge crossings, reduce clutter, and enhance readability. Various algorithms and software tools are available to assist in this process, making it easier to visualize complex data in fields such as computer science, network analysis, and social sciences.