Gram-negative cocci are a type of bacteria characterized by their spherical shape and a thin peptidoglycan layer surrounded by an outer membrane. This outer membrane contains lipopolysaccharides, which can trigger strong immune responses in humans. Common examples of Gram-negative cocci include Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of gonorrhea, and Neisseria meningitidis, which can lead to meningitis. These bacteria are typically found in pairs, known as diplococci, and can be identified using specific staining techniques, such as the Gram stain. Gram-negative cocci are important in clinical microbiology due to their role in various infections and their resistance to certain antibiotics.