Grahaganita is a branch of mathematics that focuses on the study of celestial bodies and their movements. Originating in ancient India, it combines elements of astronomy and mathematics to calculate the positions of planets and stars. The term itself translates to "mathematics of celestial bodies," highlighting its purpose in understanding the cosmos. The most notable work in Grahaganita is the Aryabhatiya, written by the mathematician Aryabhata in the 5th century. This text laid the foundation for many astronomical calculations and introduced concepts such as the value of π (pi) and the use of zero, significantly influencing later developments in mathematics and astronomy.