The Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony was the chief executive officer of the colony, established in 1630 by Puritan settlers. This position was crucial for maintaining order and implementing laws in the early colonial government. The governor was elected annually by the General Court, which consisted of the colony's freemen. Governors played a significant role in shaping the colony's policies and relationships with Native American tribes and other colonies. Notable governors included John Winthrop, the first governor, who emphasized a vision of a "city upon a hill," reflecting the Puritan belief in creating a model society.