Government budgeting is the process by which a government plans its spending and revenue for a specific period, usually a year. It involves estimating income from sources like taxes and deciding how to allocate funds to various services and programs, such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure. The budget serves as a financial blueprint, guiding how public resources are used to meet the needs of citizens. It is typically proposed by the executive branch and must be approved by the legislature, ensuring that there is oversight and accountability in how taxpayer money is spent.