The Google Java Style Guide is a set of coding conventions and best practices for writing Java code. It aims to promote consistency and readability across Java projects, making it easier for developers to collaborate and maintain code. The guide covers various aspects, including naming conventions, formatting, and documentation standards. By following the Google Java Style Guide, developers can ensure that their code adheres to industry standards, which can improve code quality and reduce errors. The guide is widely used in the software development community and serves as a reference for both new and experienced Java programmers.