The "Golden Calf" is a biblical idol mentioned in the Book of Exodus. It was created by the Israelites while Moses was receiving the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai. The people, feeling abandoned, melted their gold jewelry to form a calf, which they then worshipped as a god. This act of idolatry angered Moses and led to severe consequences for the Israelites. The Golden Calf symbolizes the dangers of turning away from faith and the consequences of misplaced devotion. It serves as a cautionary tale about the importance of faithfulness to God and the dangers of materialism.