The Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) is a research facility located in New York City, part of the NASA network. It focuses on understanding the Earth's climate and the effects of climate change through advanced computer modeling and observational studies. GISS plays a crucial role in climate research and provides valuable data to inform policy decisions. Established in 1961, GISS conducts interdisciplinary research that combines aspects of astronomy, geophysics, and environmental science. The institute is known for its contributions to climate modeling, including the development of the GISS ModelE, which simulates the Earth's climate system and helps predict future climate scenarios.