Gnostic traditions refer to a diverse set of religious beliefs and practices that emerged in the early centuries of Christianity. These traditions emphasize personal spiritual knowledge, or gnosis, over orthodox teachings and institutional authority. Gnostics often viewed the material world as flawed or evil, created by a lesser deity known as the Demiurge, and sought to transcend this reality through spiritual awakening. Central to Gnostic thought is the belief in a divine spark within each individual, which can be awakened through inner knowledge and enlightenment. Gnostic texts, such as the Nag Hammadi library, reveal various interpretations of creation, the nature of God, and the role of Jesus, often differing significantly from mainstream Christian doctrines.