Glycan analysis is the study of carbohydrates, specifically complex sugars known as glycans, that are attached to proteins and lipids. These glycans play crucial roles in biological processes, including cell signaling and immune response. By analyzing glycans, researchers can gain insights into various diseases and the functioning of cells. Techniques used in glycan analysis include mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and capillary electrophoresis. These methods help identify the structure and composition of glycans, allowing scientists to understand their biological significance and potential applications in drug development and diagnostics.