The gluteal region refers to the area of the body located at the back of the pelvis, primarily consisting of the three gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. These muscles play a crucial role in various movements, including walking, running, and climbing stairs, as they help stabilize the hip and support the trunk. In addition to the muscles, the gluteal region contains important structures such as blood vessels, nerves, and fat. The sciatic nerve, which is the largest nerve in the body, runs through this area, making it significant for both movement and sensation in the lower limbs.