A geospatial database is a type of database designed to store, manage, and analyze data related to geographic locations. It allows users to work with spatial data, which includes information about the position, shape, and relationships of objects on the Earth's surface. This type of database is essential for applications in fields like urban planning, environmental monitoring, and transportation. These databases often utilize specialized data types and indexing methods to efficiently handle complex queries involving maps and spatial relationships. Popular examples of geospatial databases include PostGIS, an extension of PostgreSQL, and MongoDB with geospatial features, which enable users to perform advanced spatial analysis and visualization.