Geopolymers are a type of inorganic polymer formed by the reaction of aluminosilicate materials with alkaline solutions. They are known for their high strength, durability, and resistance to heat and chemicals, making them suitable for various applications, including construction and waste management. These materials can be produced from industrial by-products like fly ash or slag, which helps reduce environmental impact. Geopolymers are considered a sustainable alternative to traditional cement, as they require less energy to produce and can help lower carbon emissions associated with concrete production.