Geographical names, also known as toponyms, refer to the names given to specific places, features, or regions on the Earth's surface. These names can include cities, mountains, rivers, and countries, helping to identify and differentiate locations. For example, Mount Everest is the name of the highest mountain in the world, while New York City is a major urban center in the United States. The study of geographical names involves understanding their origins, meanings, and cultural significance. Many toponyms are derived from local languages, historical events, or notable figures. For instance, Amazon River is named after the indigenous people known as the Amazons, reflecting the region's rich cultural heritage.