Geographical discovery refers to the exploration and mapping of new lands and territories, significantly expanding human knowledge of the Earth. This process often involved explorers, such as Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan, who traveled to uncharted regions, leading to the identification of new continents and trade routes. These discoveries had profound impacts on global trade, culture, and politics. The Age of Exploration, which began in the late 15th century, marked a period of intense exploration, resulting in the establishment of colonies and the exchange of goods, ideas, and people between different parts of the world.