Geographic points are specific locations on the Earth's surface defined by coordinates, typically using a system of latitude and longitude. Latitude measures how far north or south a point is from the equator, while longitude measures how far east or west it is from the Prime Meridian. Together, these coordinates help pinpoint exact locations, such as cities or landmarks. For example, the geographic point of New York City is approximately 40.7128° N latitude and 74.0060° W longitude. Geographic points are essential for navigation, mapping, and understanding spatial relationships between different places on the planet.