Genetic factors refer to the specific genes and hereditary traits passed down from parents to their offspring. These factors influence various characteristics, such as physical appearance, susceptibility to certain diseases, and even behavior. Each individual inherits a unique combination of genes, which can affect their health and development throughout life. In humans, genetic factors are studied through the field of genetics, which examines how traits are inherited and expressed. Conditions like cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia are examples of genetic disorders caused by mutations in specific genes. Understanding these factors helps in medical research and can lead to better treatments and preventive measures.