Gene silencing is a biological process that reduces or eliminates the expression of specific genes. This can occur naturally in cells or be induced artificially using techniques like RNA interference (RNAi). By targeting messenger RNA (mRNA), gene silencing prevents the production of proteins that those genes would normally encode. Researchers use gene silencing to study gene function and develop therapies for diseases. For example, it can help in treating conditions like cancer or viral infections by inhibiting the genes responsible for disease progression. This approach holds promise for advancing personalized medicine and improving treatment outcomes.