Gautama, known as the Buddha, was a spiritual teacher who lived in ancient India around the 5th to 4th century BCE. He was born as Siddhartha Gautama in a royal family but renounced his privileged life in search of enlightenment. After years of meditation and self-discovery, he attained a profound understanding of suffering and the path to liberation. The teachings of Gautama form the foundation of Buddhism, a major world religion. His core principles include the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which guide followers in overcoming suffering and achieving spiritual awakening. Gautama's insights continue to influence millions around the globe.