Gastrointestinal motility refers to the movements of the digestive tract that help in the processing and transportation of food. These movements are coordinated by smooth muscles in the walls of the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, allowing for the mixing and propulsion of food through the digestive system. The process involves various types of contractions, including peristalsis, which pushes food forward, and segmentation, which mixes food with digestive juices. Proper gastrointestinal motility is essential for effective digestion and nutrient absorption, and disruptions can lead to conditions such as gastroparesis or irritable bowel syndrome.