Galactic geography refers to the study of the structure and features of galaxies, including their formation, composition, and distribution in the universe. It encompasses various elements such as stars, planets, nebulae, and black holes, all of which contribute to the overall layout of a galaxy. The Milky Way, for example, is a spiral galaxy characterized by its distinct arms and central bulge. In addition to individual galaxies, galactic geography also examines the relationships between different galaxies and their clusters. Galaxies can be found in groups, such as the Local Group, which includes the Milky Way and Andromeda. Understanding these spatial arrangements helps astronomers learn about the evolution of the universe and the forces that shape it.