GABA receptors are specialized proteins located in the brain and nervous system that respond to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). They play a crucial role in inhibiting nerve activity, helping to regulate mood, anxiety, and overall brain function. When GABA binds to these receptors, it typically causes the neuron to become less excitable, leading to a calming effect. There are two main types of GABA receptors: GABA-A and GABA-B. GABA-A receptors are ion channels that allow chloride ions to enter the neuron, while GABA-B receptors are G-protein coupled receptors that activate other signaling pathways. Both types are important for maintaining balance in the nervous system.