G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that play a crucial role in transmitting signals from outside the cell to the inside. They respond to various stimuli, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and environmental signals, activating internal signaling pathways through associated proteins called G proteins. This process is essential for many physiological functions, including vision, taste, and immune responses. GPCRs are involved in numerous biological processes and are significant targets for drug development. Approximately 30-40% of all modern medicinal drugs target GPCRs, making them vital in treating conditions like asthma, diabetes, and mental health disorders. Their diverse functions and widespread presence in the body highlight their importance in both health and disease.