Fuzzy Set Theory is a mathematical framework that allows for the representation of uncertainty and vagueness in data. Unlike traditional set theory, where an element either belongs to a set or does not, fuzzy sets allow for degrees of membership. This means an element can partially belong to a set, represented by a value between 0 and 1, indicating the extent of its membership. This theory is particularly useful in fields like artificial intelligence, control systems, and decision-making, where binary classifications may be insufficient. By accommodating imprecise information, fuzzy set theory helps in modeling real-world situations more effectively, reflecting the complexity of human reasoning.