Fungal decay is the process by which fungi break down organic matter, such as dead plants and animals. This decomposition is essential for nutrient cycling in ecosystems, as it helps return vital nutrients to the soil. Fungi, including species like mushrooms and molds, secrete enzymes that digest complex materials, making them easier to absorb. Fungal decay can occur in various environments, from forests to compost heaps. While it plays a crucial role in nature, excessive fungal growth can lead to problems, such as wood rot in buildings or spoilage of food. Understanding fungal decay helps in managing these issues effectively.