A function call is a way to execute a specific block of code, known as a function, in programming. When a function is called, the program temporarily pauses its current task, runs the code inside the function, and then returns to where it left off. This allows for organized and reusable code, making it easier to manage complex tasks. Function calls can also take inputs, called arguments, which provide the function with the necessary data to perform its task. After processing the inputs, the function may return a value, which can be used in the rest of the program. This structure helps streamline coding and enhances efficiency.