French colonialism refers to the period when France established and controlled territories around the world, particularly from the 17th to the 20th centuries. This expansion included regions in North America, Africa, and Asia, where the French sought to spread their culture, language, and economic interests. Notable colonies included Algeria, Vietnam, and the Caribbean islands. The impact of French colonialism was profound, leading to significant cultural exchanges but also to exploitation and conflict. Many colonies experienced changes in governance, education, and infrastructure, while local populations often faced oppression and loss of autonomy. The legacy of this era continues to influence former colonies today.