A freeze dryer is a device that removes moisture from food or other materials by freezing them and then reducing the surrounding pressure. This process, known as lyophilization, allows the frozen water in the material to sublimate, turning directly from ice to vapor without becoming liquid. The result is a lightweight, shelf-stable product that retains most of its original flavor and nutrients. Freeze dryers are commonly used in the food industry to preserve fruits, vegetables, and meals for long-term storage. They are also utilized in pharmaceuticals to stabilize sensitive compounds. By removing moisture, freeze dryers help prevent spoilage and extend the shelf life of various products.