The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) is a U.S. law that allows the public to request access to records from any federal agency. It promotes transparency by enabling citizens to obtain information about government activities, decisions, and spending. This law helps ensure accountability and fosters an informed citizenry. Under FOIA, federal agencies are required to respond to requests within a specific timeframe, usually 20 business days. However, there are exemptions for certain sensitive information, such as national security or personal privacy. Overall, FOIA plays a crucial role in supporting democratic governance and public oversight of government actions.