The term "Fredholm" primarily refers to the work of the mathematician Ivar Fredholm, who made significant contributions to the field of functional analysis. Fredholm is best known for his development of Fredholm integral equations, which are integral equations that can be classified into three types based on the properties of their solutions. These equations play a crucial role in various applications, including physics and engineering. In addition to integral equations, the concept of Fredholm operators is also important in mathematics. A Fredholm operator is a bounded linear operator between two Banach spaces that has a finite-dimensional kernel and cokernel. This concept is essential in understanding the solvability of linear equations and the stability of solutions in various mathematical contexts.