The Fréchet distribution is a type of continuous probability distribution used in statistics to model extreme values. It is particularly useful in fields like finance, meteorology, and environmental science, where understanding rare events, such as floods or stock market crashes, is crucial. The distribution is characterized by its heavy tail, meaning it can predict the occurrence of extreme outcomes more effectively than other distributions. This distribution is named after the French mathematician Maurice Fréchet, who contributed to the theory of probability. The Fréchet distribution is defined by three parameters: location, scale, and shape, which help determine its specific characteristics. It is part of the broader family of extreme value distributions, which are essential for analyzing maximum or minimum values in datasets.