Francisella tularensis is a small, gram-negative bacterium that causes the infectious disease known as tularemia. It is highly infectious and can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals, bites from infected insects, or inhalation of contaminated aerosols. This bacterium is found in various environments, particularly in areas where wildlife, such as rabbits and rodents, are present. Tularemia can manifest in several forms, including skin ulcers, respiratory issues, and fever, making it important for public health monitoring and control measures.