Fractures are breaks in bones that can occur due to various reasons, such as trauma, falls, or conditions like osteoporosis. They can range from hairline cracks to complete breaks, and the severity often dictates the treatment required. Common types include simple fractures, where the bone breaks cleanly, and compound fractures, where the bone pierces the skin. Symptoms of fractures typically include pain, swelling, and difficulty using the affected area. Treatment may involve immobilization with a cast or splint, and in some cases, surgery may be necessary to realign the bones. Proper healing is crucial to restore function and prevent complications.